Sports Psychology Essay example -- essays research papers

The five main things that I learned in sports psychology from is Goal Setting, Awareness, Leadership, Reboundability, and Routines. These all help me not only in the sport world but also in life. It is important to study these things and practice them as much as possible to achieve the greatest benefits from them   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Until recently I have never really thought about my goals. I have had them, but have never planned them out or evaluated outcomes. When we had a guest speaker named Mark Henry spoke to use about goal setting. Before I wouldn’t put dates or plans with my goals. It helps a lot when you have a date to start the goal and a date when you want to achieve the goal. One thing Mark Henry taught me was that a lot of smaller goals can lead up to one a larger. One of the goals I set this year was to get better grades. To do this I had to make a plan on how each day I could work on doing this. I made a plan for each day on how to raise my grades and keep track of how they are doing. Keeping the goal organized helps a lot. It helps when you have it all written down on paper for a reference. With this smaller goal it is helping me also with my larger goal of getting accepted in to a college of my choice. Within a few weeks I noticed a huge difference in my grades. I had r aised all of them about one grade letter. Once I accomplished this goal, my self esteem went up a lot and I then made more goals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another thing that helped me a lot in this class is learning about awareness. Mr. Hunter gave us the stop light as an example on how this works. When I used to play rugby I would easily go from the green to the yellow. When that happened my mind would get filled with thoughts that would distract me from the game at hand and I would get frustrated. When I was in the yellow it was hard for me to go back to the green and easier to go to the red. When I was in the red I would make a mistake almost every time I got the ball. Learning how to prevent yourself from going from yellow to red is a very beneficial trait. Mr. Hunter taught me to think of a word or action that would help me return to yellow. I tell myself I will clinch my fists and that when I release them then it is back to the task at hand. Now when something upsets me or throws me off course in day to day life I will just clinch my fists and then relax ... ...acks make me stronger in the end.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Last but not least leadership. I have never really been a leader before. After sports psychology I learned that being a leader is a very important position. I tried it out in some of my classes that put me in groups. When nobody wanted to step up and get the task moving I would usually just sit and go along with it. During the first trimester though I would try to take the leadership role. I might not have been that good of a leader but for me just taking the role made me feel a lot better. In life people who can take these important roles of leadership benefit. Rather it is at school, work or home; everyone looks up to the person who can give them guidance in the right direction. The pressure it gives you to lead the people in the right direction is good pressure that will also help out the leader. Goal Setting, Awareness, Leadership, Reboundability, and Routines are things I have begun to concentrate on and try to incorporate into my every day life. Since I have began to do this it seems life is a lot easier and organized. Learning traits like these is one of the most important things to learn in sports and in life.

American Society

With its fiftieth anniversary, scholars have had ample reason to return their attention to Brown and reassess its meaning. From the Grassroots to the Supreme Court: Brown v. Board of Education and American Democracy represents one of the earliest efforts, drawn from a conference convened at the University of South Carolina in 2002. In the words of Peter F. Lau, the editor, this collection â€Å"reinforces long-held views of the decision's seminal importance and revolutionary nature† (p. 13).While the sixteen contributors to the book, scholars of law and history, largely support the above claim, their findings are not a simplistic restatement that Brown launched the civil rights movement. Instead, a more nuanced picture emerges, one that covers a broad span of time, combines bottom-up and top-down methodologies, contextualizes the integrationist campaign within larger themes of grassroots activism and constitutional change, and still accounts for variables of race, class, and r egion. Although the collection is kaleidoscopic, its essays essentially operate along two perspectives.The first draws connections between long-standing traditions of grassroots activism and the traditional narrative of Brown. As studies by Raymond Gavins, Kara Miles Turner, and Peter Lau make clear, before Brown local activists sought legal remedies as part of a larger, comprehensive fight for equality. Alongside celebrated battles in the courtrooms, they pressed other campaigns for voting rights and economic justice. Enriching our understanding of grassroots mobilization, other essays demonstrate that activists had to contend not simply with external obstacles but also with internal divisions of race, class, gender, language, and culture.Similarly, Tomiko Brown-Nagin skillfully explores intraracial tensions over the handling of post-Brown litigation in Atlanta. Christina Greene focuses on the often-overlooked role of women's activism in her sharp study of Durham, North Carolina, w hile Laurie B. Green addresses the dynamics of urban-rural relationships by employing a much-needed metropolitan approach to her exploration of Memphis and the surrounding Mississippi Delta. Other essays complicate the traditional narrative further, moving beyond the bounds of black-white relations to address experiences of other communities of color, especially outside the South.Furthermore, in a sweeping essay by Vicki L. Ruiz, he examines the meaning of segregated education for Mexican Americans, Asian Americans, and Native Americans in the West. Also, Madeleine Lopez likewise offers a focused study of Puerto Rican experiences with desegregation in New York City, where campaigns for bilingual education complicated the integrationist struggle. In conclusion, the essays in the book embrace Brown, yet assert that the case represented but one component of the larger civil rights revolution.Indeed, as the collection suggests, during the twentieth century the struggle for integration a nd the struggle for equality diverged as often as they merged. As Lau notes, â€Å"Seldom does significant change occur from any single source or emanate from any single direction† (p. 14). Therefore, the book offers a picture of the civil rights revolution that is appropriately diverse and complex. LITERACY AND RACIAL JUSTICE: THE POLITICS OF LEARNING AFTER BROWN V BOARD OF EDUCATION. This book by Catherine Prendergast examines the critical issues raised in the celebrated case of Brown v Board of Education.It must be noted that the five essays that make up Prendergast's volume plot the â€Å"intersections† between racial politics and educational practice and, in so doing, shed a great deal of light on the nature and intent of current educational initiatives and controversies. In the introduction and in Chapter 1, â€Å"The Economy of Literacy,† Prendergast examines the Brown ruling, a ruling that was ostensibly intended to end racism's power over educational po licy and practice, but ultimately did not!The author uses contemporary literacy theory and critical race theorists' reading of the Brown ruling to argue that the justices' explicit and implicit arguments reify a view of education as essentially White property. That is, the arguments and remedies of Brown constructed equal opportunity as the right of racial minorities to be educated among Whites: the quality of schooling that Black children receive is directly dependent not only on a White presence in schools but on Whites' implicit willingness to share their privilege and property with Black children.It must also be noted that the book's remaining chapters–â€Å"Desegregation Comes to the Piedmont: Locating Ways with Word,† â€Å"Give me your Literate,† and â€Å"Literacy and Racial Justice in Practice: High School X†Ã¢â‚¬â€œmay be of most use and interest to a slightly narrower audience of writing teachers, language theorists, and educational researchers . Chapter Three examines the seeming absence of race issues and racial identity in Shirley Brice Heath's Ways with Words.The final essay in the volume, â€Å"Literacy and Racial Justice in Practice,† is based on Prendergast's experiences as a tutor and aide, and later as a researcher, at â€Å"High School X† (a pseudonym for a Midwestern alternative high school). Here, Prendergast presents a realistic view of the stresses, tensions, and occasional triumphs of a partially-integrated school whose mission is an explicit recognition and celebration of difference.Although the lack of financial support for the school in the local African American community is an ongoing frustration for school administrators, Prendergast maintains that her study of HSX can provide some particularized insights for teachers and researchers and some â€Å"lessons† for a realistic approach to the ongoing racism of the American education system. The book's conclusion addresses the thorny is sues of ubiquitous educational testing, the role of the scholar in political change, and the reparations movement.Finally, Although the book is not without its faults–for instance, Prendergast's analysis of the court cases would have been more compelling had she examined the rulings and opinions of the justices, rather than relying on secondary sources, and the way that the term â€Å"literacy† slips around, unmoored by any attempt at definition, can be confusing–Literacy and Racial Justice tells an important story.Readers will discover in this story new insights into their own experiences–as students, teachers, and scholars–even as they struggle, with Prendergast, to understand both the too-often disheartening realities of today's schools and the society whose history and values those schools enact. References 1. Lau, Peter F. , Ed. From the Grassroots to the Supreme Court: Brown v. Board of Education and American Democracy Durham, NC: Duke Univer sity Press 406 pp. , $25. 95, ISBN 0-8223-3449-6 Publication Date: February 2005 2. Brown v. Board of Education: Caste, Culture, and the Constitution. By Robert J. Cottrol, Raymond T. Diamond, and Leland B.Ware. Landmark Law Cases and American Society. (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, c. 2003. Pp. xii, 292. Paper, $15. 95, ISBN 0-7006-1289-0; cloth, $25. 00, ISBN 0-7006-1288-2. ) 3. From the Grassroots to the Supreme Court: Brown v. Board of Education and American Democracy. Edited by Peter F. Lau. Constitutional Conflicts. (Durham, N. C. , and London: Duke University Press, c. 2004. Pp. x, 406. Paper, $25. 95, ISBN 0-8223-3449-6; cloth, $94. 95, ISBN 0-8223-3475-5. ) 4. Catherine Prendergast. Literacy and Racial Justice: The Politics of Learning after Brown v. Board of Education. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 2003. 205 pp. $25. 00. American society What aspect of American society do you feel are most in need of change? Why? How do you think this change can best be brought about? How can the legal profession bring about change?The aspect of American society that I believe should be changed is the immigration policies and laws. Basically, according to the 1990 Immigration Act, the United States can allow only up to 700,000 immigrants per year.The main premise behind this law is for the reunification of families who have been separated by various circumstances. However, despite strict immigration laws and policies, there are roughly 10 million illegal immigrants or aliens who currently live in the United States. Most of these immigrants come from the Philippines, India, and China. These figures generally show two sides of the issue which most of the time contributes to the legislative and other legal impediments to the problem at hand.On one side, the staggering number of undocumented immigrants is a good proof of the attractivene ss of America. Around the world, despite the global economic crisis, many people still believe that there are greener pastures and better jobs in the United States.Although there are millions of illegal immigrants who work in the country, it is ultimately beneficial to the economy. On the other hand, the massive number of immigrants poses a larger problem particularly in national security. Although this security threat is indirect, it could alter laws, redirect resources, and most of all, serve as a cover for criminals, extremists, and terrorists, among others.Meaning to say, there must be a comprehensive law or program that will more or less fix these problems mentioned above while at the same time ensuring that these illegal immigrants are somehow given a chance to live prosperous lives.Basically, the law profession plays a powerful role in deciding the fate of these immigrants as the decision of allowing them to stay or sending back to their mother countries lies on American immi gration laws. Considering the fact the there is a very large number of illegal aliens in the country despite stringent immigration laws, it can be then deduced that something is lacking in the country’s immigration system.Therefore, at the very least, a program that caters to non-citizen guest workers should be crafted in order to address this problem. Most of all, this program should ultimately result in economic gains and incentives for the United States. The legal profession can then lobby and call for the advocacy of this kind of program in Congress to ensure its legitimacy.Although there can be multiple dimensions to the program mentioned above, it should more or less revolve around certain principles. The most important of which are the immigration costs and benefits. The legal profession, in collaboration with concerned government agencies and groups, can conduct studies and researches on this area so that an effective immigration program can be made.The law profession can also craft a system in which all guest workers entering the U.S. be identified immediately. Basically, the key to cracking down illegal immigrants is swiftness together with the help of technological advancements such as biometric identification, which include fingerprints and retinal scans, among many others. Current migrant workers must also be presented with benefits if they choose to take part in the program.Moreover, the law profession can also stress that being a guest worker in the United States should not be viewed as a way to gain citizenship so that foreign migrants will not be oversupplied. Furthermore, lawyers can also petition for the review of existing immigration laws so that possible irregularities and loopholes can be addressed.  In short, what the law profession can do to address these problems in immigration to the United States is to ensure stricter and more effective implementation of old laws and the crafting of new ones that will resolve the issue while ensuring that economic benefits are attained.

Essay on The Effect of the Vietnam War on the Australian...

The Effect of the Vietnam War on the Australian Society The Vietnam War had great political impact and led to deep division within Australian society. The Australian people were forced to take the issues about the Cold War, Vietnam and the arms race seriously because of Australia’s military involvement in Vietnam from 1962 to 1972. As a result, our fear of communism and of Asia increased dramatically. Australia, occupying a large mass of land, yet having a small population had always lived in the belief that they were threatened some way by the foreign powers and this led to the formation of â€Å"The White Australia Policy†, which was set up in 1901. This policy clearly reflects the enormous fear†¦show more content†¦These had the effect of Australia feeling vulnerable and lonely, and all the traditional beliefs of the mother country, Britain, coming to Australia’s aid in time of need vanished and with the reaction of Britain towards Australia, Australian Government had to accept the fact that they were only expendable part of the British Empire. Australia, led by the Curtin Government at the time, at last realized the limits of British powers, yet desperate in need of allies and protectors, looked up to the United States as the only support to assist Australia. This realization made a great impact in the changes of the relationships between Britain and Australia. United States did come to rescue Australia in 1942 but the motive was for its self interest because Australia was the best place from which the Americans could apply its counter offenses against the Japanese, and when General MacArthur arrived in Australia he was greatly welcomed by the Australia government, seeing as they didn’t have much choice other than follow US military strategies due to the fall of British power. This World War II played a major role in Australia’s beginning relationships with the United States and United States took over Britain’s place of beingShow MoreRelatedEffects Of The Vietnam War On Australian Society2072 Words   |  9 PagesThe Vietnam War beginning on November 1st 1955 and ending April 30th 1975 was a highly controversial war that originally took place as a civil war between Northern and Southern Vietnam. Northern Vietnam was backed by Russia and China while Southern Vietnam was backed by the USA. This war made a hugely divi sive impact on Australian society a few months after they entered in July 1962 as allies to the USA and Southern Vietnam. Some factors of the Vietnam War contributed to cohesion among the AustralianRead MoreAustralias Involvement in the Vietnam War Essay978 Words   |  4 PagesAustralia’s involvement in the Vietnam War was a result of a combined fear of communism and the fall of freedom from danger in Australian democracy and society. The growing web of communism saw the fall of many countries closing in on Australia and New Zealand, and it was believed Robert Menzies’ government that they would find communism at Australia’s shores. Australians were anti-communist during the Vietnam War; due to a level of hype that the society, the media, and the government were exposedRead MoreProblems With The Vietnamese War Veterans1609 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Vietnamese war veterans face and at the end there will be ways that can help, how they were treated and viewed by their fellow countrymen when they returned back home. How did it impact Countries/governments and who protested against the Vietnam War. All these question will be answered on the main paragraphs bellow. What was the problem for the Vietnamese war veterans? Problem that the Vietnamese war veterans faced was the psychological effects which was very common for Vietnam veterans to haveRead MoreHow Did The War Affect The Vietnam War?1525 Words   |  7 PagesVietnamese war veterans face and at the end there will be ways that can help. In this essay I will be showing my findings/ research and answer my research topic which how did the war affect these soldiers. I will be discussing/finding problems like how the Vietnamese war. How they were treated and viewed by their fellow countrymen when they returned back home. How did it impact Countries/governments and who protested against the Vietnam War. What was the problem for the Vietnamese war veterans? ProblemRead MoreAustralias Involvement in the Vietnam War888 Words   |  4 PagesAustralia had quite a large involvement in the Vietnam War and it is still considered an important part of our history, as it is the longest Australia has been involved in any war. We were involved in the war from 1962 to 1972 and roughly 60000 Australian men and women served there. Our initial involvement was with military advisors to support the South Vietnamese army and then that escalated to sending fighting troops, as it was more difficult for the South Vietnamese army to defeat the Viet CongRead MoreReasons for Australias Changing Attitude Towards the Vietnam War791 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolvement in the Vietnam War started in 1962-75. Some of the reasons for Australia’s involvement in the Vietnam War were mostly to do with the fear of communism and using the â€Å"forward defence† strategy to prevent the domino theory from happening. During this time Australia’s attitude t owards the war changed due to the protesting of anti-war groups such as ‘save our sons’, it was believed that it was more of a civil war then a communism war,   and because it was a television war. Communism was greatlyRead MoreCosi876 Words   |  4 Pagesominous presence of the Vietnam War, Nowra explores the insanity of the war; and the need to condemn war and to protest against Australia’s involvement in Vietnam. The main presence of the institution and involving patients explored the inhumanity and ineffectiveness of the mental health system in the 1970’s in Australia. Nowra used the ‘play within a play’ to explore the Importance of theatre, as a way of enriching people’s lives with ‘art’, In the 1970’s, the Vietnam was had been going for nearlyRead MoreThe Vietnam War1564 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War â€Å"The war on colour television screens in American living rooms has made Americans far more anti-war than anything else. The full brutality of the combat will be there in close-up and in colour, and blood looks very red on the colour television screen†. The USA declared war on Vietnam at a time of evident mass media involvement. The technological progress that was made allowed the full ruthlessness war to be broadcastRead More The Vietnam War1466 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Vietnam War. This civil war was between the Communist North and the Democratic South because of the fear of communism spreading to the South. Other Western countries also helped in this war because they too were afraid of communism spreading, and so they sent money and troops to aid South Vietnam. Some of these countries included America, Australia, and New Zealand. This war was one of the most divisive events in history and I am going to talk about why this is so. For most of Vietnam?s historyRead MoreThe Vietnam War Of Vietnam859 Words   |  4 Pageshappened to everyone in the past called the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War is a war that between the Southern and Northern zones of Vietnam. In the early 1960’s, the United States was very worried about the situation in the South Vietnam. Therefore, the president Lyndon B. Johnson were starting to draft so many young people in the country to combat issues in the war with Vietnam. However, the Vietnam War were proved to be a common topic were to fight against the war, combat the issue of drafting about freedom

How Weather Conditions Affect Health and Well-Being in...

How Weather Conditions Affects Health and Well-Being Singapore is an island lying north of the Equator. Because it lies in the tropics, it receives sufficient sunlight, has mostly uniform temperature and pressure, high humidity and abundant rainfall. Singapore’s climate can be categorized into two main monsoon seasons. During the Northeast Monsoon season, from December to early March, northeast winds prevail. It is cloudy with frequent afternoon rain in the early part of this season. From late March to May, winds and showers are present mostly during afternoon and early evening. The Southwest Monsoon season, from June to September, has more isolated showers in the late morning and early afternoon. From October to November, winds†¦show more content†¦Cold weather contracts blood vessels. Hence, heart attacks, migraines, and high blood pressure, caused by constriction of blood vessels and insufficient blood flow, can be triggered by cold weather. According to research conducted by the New England Center for Headache, as many as half of all migraines are triggered by weather conditions. This applies for Raynaud’s phenomenon where the blood vessels dilate and blood flow is disrupted. Cold weather increases joint stiffness and affects people with arthritis. Arthritis patients believe that the lower the barometric pressure, the greater the pain in the joints. An example is that the residents at the North Shore Hotel note when the barometric pressure goes down, their pain goes up. Their arthritis goes into overdrive before a storm. Nerve fiber coverings break down more easily, causing Multiple sclerosis to happen more frequently in cold weather. For Fibromyalgia Syndrome, a 1981 survey reported that more than 90% of the patients felt worse in cold and humid weather. Changes in barometric pressure affected those with the syndrome. Sinus headaches are caused by barometric pressure as the nasal cavities are not able to adapt quickly to the change in air pressure. Asthma is often caused by high winds as these bring pollen and particles which some have allergies to. In our research, we have also found out that sunlight can be both beneficial and harmful to the human body. TheShow MoreRelatedCoca Col The Best Global Brand1573 Words   |  7 Pagesas it has become more aware of the health issues and concerns. The weaknesses from 2013 are varied and include their focus bio carbonated drinks. These are becoming very unpopular because of current health concerns. Some researchers are suggesting that consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is a primary cause of increased obesity rates and are encouraging consumers to reduce or eliminate consumption of such products (Coca Cola, 2014). It is currently being discussed Coca Cola is making too manyRead MoreTiger Beer Market Plan7717 Words   |  31 PagesTiger Beer, is notably one of Singapore’s most successful brands in the world and is valued at S$820 million. The lucrative beer industry has attracted numerous foreign beers to vie for the market share in Singapore which is valued at S$562.7 million. As the beer industry in Singapore is reaching maturity, beer companies have to find innovative means to remain competitive to have a profitable share of the market. Recently, there have been increasing trends of younger customers consumingRead MoreSWOT PEST2212 Words   |  9 Pagesoutline business analysis on Nando’s restaurant in Singapore. In this report, we will perform environment analysis on the market in Singapore. We will make use of SWOT analysis and also PESTEL analysis to perform this. Last but not least we will end it with a conclusion/evaluation to sum the whole evaluation up. 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Ever since, Gong Cha has swept into neighboring countries such as Hong Kong, China, Macau, Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines and Malaysia by storm. The famous Gong Cha signature milk foam or also known as nai gai. There are 3 ways to enjoy this drink. 1. Sip the freshly brewed tea through the milk froth without a straw. 2. Slurp some tea followed byRead MoreOffice Market Study : Local Business Climate : Characteristics Of The Economic Base1655 Words   |  7 Pagesin importance within the United States only to Lower Manhattan s Financial District. The proposed outline and logic of this report are as follows: firstly, the key influencing factors of demand will be identified. The region’s overall economic condition, office employment trends and net absorption are going to be considered. Secondly, various analytical strategies would be applied to further investigate the mechanism of the market. 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This is in line with the official definition by the United Nations Framework Convention

The Government Effect On Protests Demonstrations Protests

The Government Effect On The Protests Protests have numerous factors that affect the result of the protest and one major element is the government. In the 1960’s some protests were brutal due to discrimination; yet, the largest protest achieved to maintain a safe environment because the government respected and allowed the protests. The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963 peacefully gathered approximately 250,000 citizens together to protest the high level of black unemployment, minimal wages African Americans received for jobs, poor job mobility, and continuous racial segregation. In contrast, The Gezi Park Protests in Turkey, Taksim in 2013 got out of control due to the government response to the initial 50 environmentalists who opposed to cutting the trees and building a shopping mall instead. The government used police force brutally against the activists and as a result, approximately 3.5 million protesters’ right to freely voice their dissatisfaction and use the media was constrained. So, even though today, overall technology and cities have improved excessively, Turkey is still facing an immense pressure and constraint from the government during protests compare to the protests fifty years ago in Washington D.C. In every country, protecting its citizens’ rights is the government’s fundamental duty in order to maintain the peace and unity. But in Turkey, citizens’ rights were violated because the government used itsShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Civil Disobedience And The Civil Rights Movement1503 Words   |  7 PagesProtests have long been an essential part of American life, employed to to draw attention to critical issues,events, and injustices. Ranging from peaceful marches to powerful acts of civil disobedience, not only in the United States but in Central American countries such as Nicaragua. This being said, civil protests and peaceful demonstrations were not necessarily more successful in exuding change than pieces of legislation but moreso acted as a catalyst for social change, leading towards legislationRead MoreCan Riots/Public Demonstration Bring Change?1459 Words   |  6 PagesCan Riots/Public Demonstrations Bring Change? A  demonstration  is an action by a group of people in favor of a  political  or other cause. It normally consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint to hear speakers. Actions such as blockades and  sit-ins  may also be referred to as demonstrations. Demonstrations can be  violent or nonviolent. Nonviolent demonstrations can turn into violent demonstrations depending on the circumstances.Read MoreThe Eyes Of The Modern World Have Long Borne Witness To1510 Words   |  7 Pagescorrupt systems of government and have endured the civil oppression forced upon them by these governments. In 2010 Middle Easterners began to collectively take a stand against this oppression. Widespread demonstrations and protests began in the middle of December as Middle Easterners began to take action against their governments. This movement spread all throughout the Middle East and would eventually become known as the Arab Spr ing. In the Middle East, speaking against your government is an act of treasonRead MoreNew York Times Reporter Euan Ferguson1379 Words   |  6 PagesProfessors and their students gathered together in civil protests against the war in Vietnam. Anarchists and military veterans alike marched to show their disgust for the war in Iraq. Parents bring their children to the protests and sometimes even their own parents, making it multi-generation involvement. New York Times reporter Ishaan Tharoor 1 recalls seeing an elderly woman rolling along the streets of New York City in her wheelchair to protest the war in Iraq. He also wrote about seeing a groupRead MoreHis/135 Week 5 Assignment Vietnam War761 Words   |  4 Pagesto stop communism in Southeast Asia. The United States feared that if communist took over Southeast Asia it would cause a domino effect around the world. The United States began sending financial aid and military advisors to South Vietnam to help stop a communist tak eover. North Vietnam was run by communist leader Ho Chi Minh, and the South had a non-communist government. An election to unify Vietnam would be held in 1955, fearing that Ho Chi Minh would win the elections South Vietnam president NgoRead MoreNo Blood Is Being Spilled For Uncertain Reasons Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesStates involvement in the Vietnam War. After President Nixon announced that the invasion of Cambodia by the United States necessitated the draft of 150,000 more soldiers, the sentiments eventually accumulated into protests on college campuses across America. One of the most famous protests took a violent turn as members of the National Guard shot into the crowd of students at Kent State University. The Kent State Massacre is a tragic and influential moment in the 1960’s that initially caused destructionRead MoreThe Arab Spring1286 Words   |  5 Pagescovers all kinds of riots, demonstrations and civil wars recently going on in the Arab world. The Arab Spr ing has established; the power social media can have when applied in social and political scenario. In just a short period of three years, there were changed regimes in four Arab countries (Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Yemen). There were protests and demonstrations in other Arab countries like Bahrain, Syria, Algeria, Iraq, Jordon, Kuwait, Morocco and Sudan. Small scale protests were also held in countriesRead MoreFacts About The Vietnam War1511 Words   |  7 Pages The longest recorded and arguably one of the most controversial wars in American history is the Vietnam war. In 1959, the communist government of North Vietnam had devised a guerrilla campaign in democratic South Vietnam. The government of North Vietnam had the goal of uniting both countries under a communist reign. The United States quickly became an ally with South Vietnam because they feared the spread of communism. The aftermath of the war resulted in sixty thousand American deaths and two millionRead MoreAnti-Urbaniz ation Of The ZD Movement1089 Words   |  5 PagesThe State also regularly made â€Å"concessions† as formal mechanisms of dialogue and by reporting the expulsions as after the failure of the operation Cà ©sar in 2013, or from 2016 when it could legally expulse the inhabitants. The new government followed that path with the nomination of a mediator in 2017. The ZAD movement’s very existence is a strike against the legitimacy of the State and the market-based economy as they sought to create their own way of life in the area. The ZAD movement is also anRead MoreEssay on Nonviolent Resistance Helped by Communication Methods1251 Words   |  6 Pagesone can argue that today many people are replacing opinions as facts due to the media’s ability to dupe the masses. In the article â€Å"The News Media’s Influence on Peace Operations† written by, Warren Strobel, he describes this phenomena as the â€Å"CNN effect.† He also discusses the â€Å"CNN curve† which is the ability to influence public opinion by broadcasting images of starvation, or other tragedies on news networks. The ability for networks to reach a vast audience with strong and influential messages

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Free Essays

Introduction Throughout history, our conceptualization of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has been changing alongside changes in the way we have viewed the world. With the dawning of the Renaissance in Western Europe, religious explanations based on demonic possession were superseded by a more humanistic understanding. By the early seventeenth century, the obsessions that drove Shakespeare’s Lady Macbeth to suicide were recognized to be a product of her guilty mind, for which there was no medical cure. We will write a custom essay sample on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder or any similar topic only for you Order Now Obsessions and compulsions were first described in the medical literature of the early nineteenth century. They were viewed as an unusual expression of melancholia. By the beginning of the twentieth century, with the development of psychoanalysis, the focus shifted onto psychological explanations based on unconscious conflicts, but this did not provide a useful strategy for treatment. The subsequent application of learning theory to OCD led to the development of effective behavioural treatments in the 1960s and 1970s. Compared with the pace of these historical developments, modern understanding of OCD has expanded with dramatic speed. The development of effective medical treatments of OCD has revolutionized the outlook for sufferers and propelled OCD to the forefront of scientific attention. With the growth of research into the epidemiology, psychopharmacology, neurobiology, neuropsychology and genetics of OCD, reviewed throughout this publication, the emphasis has once again swung back toward a medical model. As we enter the twenty-first century, we now recognize OCD as a common, treatable form of major mental disorder. After the pioneering epidemiological catchment area (ECA) studies carried out by the National Institute of Mental Health in the early 1980s reported that the prevalence of OCD was substantially higher than expected, (Robins, Holzer, Weissman, 1984) repeated population studies using similar methods have demonstrated a lifetime prevalence of 2-3% worldwide (Weissman, Bland Canino, 1994).   Taiwan and India were the only exceptions, with rates below 1%. If these estimates are accurate, then OCD affects more than 50 million people in the world today. The prevalence does not appear to be influenced by socioeconomic status, educational achievement, or ethnicity. The disorder is more common than schizophrenia, and about half as common as depression. Yet the illness remains largely under-recognized, and the psychosocial and economic costs to society from untreated OCD are high (Hollander, Wong, 1998).   It is not surprising that the World Health Organization has now recognized OCD as a public health priority. While there is little doubt that the ‘hidden epidemic’ of OCD exists, the actual prevalence of clinically relevant disorder has been called into question. In the ECA studies lay interviewers were trained to make DSM-III diagnoses using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). However, clinical reappraisal of DIS-positive cases resulted in less than 25% continuing to meet the criteria for OCD (Nelson Rice, 1997).One explanation is that the rates of illness reported in the original ECA studies may have been exaggerated. Alternatively, the findings may reflect variability in the severity of the disorder over time. Obsessive compulsive disorder is more common in women, although the differences are not as obvious as in depression or other anxiety disorders. An average female to male ratio of 1.5:1.0 is accepted for the community at large, although the ratio appears roughly equal in the adolescent population, reflecting perhaps the earlier onset in boys. In particularly in males, having obsessions and compulsions or magical thinking, poor social adjustment, and an early chronic course, predicted a worse outcome. A more recent 5-year prospective follow-up study of 100 OCD patients showed that in spite of the introduction of modern treatments, outcomes were similar to Skoog and Skoog’s cohort, with only 20% reaching full remission of their OCD, 50% showing partial remission, and the remainder unchanged or worse over 5 years. Less severe illness and being married were associated with a better outcome (Steketee Eisen Dyck, 1999). Most patients suffer a mixture of different obsessions or compulsions. Surveys have consistently identified contamination fears as the most common obsession, with concern about harm to others, pathological doubt, somatic obsessions and the need for symmetry also occurring frequently. Half of all OCD patients admitted for treatment suffer compulsions in the realm of repetitive checking or excessive cleaning and washing. 20 Key themes have been identified that underlie most symptoms. These include abnormal risk assessment, pathological doubt and incompleteness. Patients with OCD usually retain full insight into the absurdity of their symptoms, although this is not always the case (Insel Akiskal, 1986). The DSM-IV singles out patients with poor insight as a meaningful subgroup. These individuals have more complex symptomatology, which makes diagnosis more difficult, and tend to be more severely ill. They have only a limited sense of the excessiveness and irrationality of their thoughts and behaviours and are therefore difficult to engage in treatment. They may appear to be deluded (and hence receive inappropriate treatment) but longitudinal studies show they do not go on to develop schizophrenia-like illnesses. In a cohort of 475 patients with OCD, (6%) displayed lack of insight. Mild forms of obsessional behaviour, such as repetitive checking or superstitious behaviour commonly occur in everyday life. They only meet the criteria for OCD if they are time-consuming, or associated with impairment or distress. Recurrent, intrusive thoughts, impulses and images also occur in other mental disorders thought to share a relationship with OCD: for example, the preoccupation with bodily appearance, in body dysmorphic disorder; with a feared object, in specific phobia; with illness, in hypochondriasis; or with hair-pulling, in trichotillomania. A diagnosis of OCD should only be contrast; men predominate in surveys of OCD referrals, possibly reflecting a greater severity in males. Women during pregnancy and the puerperium are particularly at risk of developing the disorder. In a study by Neziroglu et al of 59 mothers with OCD, experienced their symptoms for the first time during pregnancy. In many cases, pre-existing obsessional tendencies are unmasked and exaggerated by the events surrounding childbirth. Obsessive compulsive disorder is considered to be one of the most strongly inherited mental disorders (Pauls, Alsobrook, Goodman, 1995). Approximately one-fifth of nuclear family members of OCD sufferers show signs of OCD, and the younger the sufferer the more likely they are to have a first-degree relative affected. The clustering of OCD and Tourette’s syndrome (TS) within families suggests a common inherited factor. The course of the illness can vary from a relatively benign form in which the patient experiences infrequent, discrete episodes of illness interspersed with symptom-free periods, to malignant OCD, characterized by unremitting symptoms and substantial social impairment. In a 40-year prospective follow-up study, reported by Skoog and Skoog, the authors managed to locate and examine 144 out of 251 OCD patients who had previously been admitted as inpatients under their care between 1947 and 1953. 1Given that effective treatments for OCD were not developed until the end of the study, much of the data is naturalistic. The authors found that roughly 60% showed signs of general improvement within 10 years of onset of illness, rising to 80% by the end of the study. However, only 20% achieved full remission even after nearly 50 years of illness; 60% continued to experience significant symptoms; 10% showed no improvement whatsoever; and another 10% had worsened. In 60% of cases the content of the obsessions shifted markedly over the follow-up period (Pauls, Alsobrook, Goodman, 1995). One-fifth of those who had shown an early, sustained improvement subsequently relapsed, even after 20 years without symptoms, suggesting early recovery does not rule out the possibility of very late relapse. Intermittent, episodic disease was common during the early stage of illness, and predicted a more favourable outcome, whereas chronic illness predominated in the later years. Early age of onset, made if there are also unrelated obsessive-compulsive symptoms, in which case more than one diagnosis may be warranted. Activities such as preoccupation with eating, sex, shopping and gambling are not considered genuine compulsions because they are not egodystonic, and the individual usually only tries to resist because of the adverse consequences. Reference: Hollander E, Wong C, 1998). Psychosocial functions and economic costs of obsessive compulsive disorder, CNS Spectrums (3 (5) suppl. 1:48-58. Insel T, Akiskal H, 1986. Obsessive compulsive disorder with psychotic features: a phenomenological analysis, Am J Psychiatry 143:1527-33. Nelson E, Rice J, 1997. Stability of diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the Epidemiological Catchment Area Study. Am J Psychiatry 154:826-31. Pauls DL, Alsobrook JP, Goodman W et al, 1995). A family study of obsessive compulsive disorder, Am J Psychiatry 152 : 76-84. Robins LN, Holzer JE, Weissman MM et al, 1984 Lifetime prevalence of specific psychiatric disorders in three sites, Arch Gen Psychiatry (1984) 41 :949-58. Steketee G, Eisen J, Dyck I et al, (1999) Predictors of course in obsessive compulsive disorder, Psychiatr Res   89 (3):229-38.   Weissman MM, Bland RC, Canino GL et al, 1994. The cross national epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder, J Clin Psychiatry 55 :5-10. How to cite Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Essay examples

Aggregation Strategies on Achieving Economies of Scale @Motorola

Question: Aggregation strategies focus on achieving economies of scale or scope by creating regional or global efficiencies; they typically involve standardizing a significant portion of the value proposition and grouping together development and production processes." (de Kluyver, 2014)? Answer: Aggregation Strategy for Motorola Human Resource: The management of Motorola has to engage skillful and experienced personnel that can help in enhancing the operation and performance of company and remaining ahead of Nokia in terms of sales and brand value. The human capital can help in updating the phone features and making necessary changes that can increase sales in India as well as in other nations. Differentiation: Motorola has to offer different features and apps in their phones along with high processor speed so that the smart phones of Motorola can beat the smart phones of Nokia in terms of sales and revenue. Therefore, the product differentiation can be effective not only in increasing sales but also it can help in increasing the brand positioning in the market. Reasonable price: The price of smart phone of Motorola has to be reasonable so that people can afford phone at least cost with better features. The price of some Nokia phone is almost INR20000 which is too expensive for the middle income group people. Therefore, if Motorola keeps its price at affordable rate then it can help in increasing the sale and better market share. Price Standardization: The Motorola Company should not charge different price from one nation and different price from other. This will affect the brand image of the company and customers may feel cheated and thus it can decline the sale and earnings. Therefore, Motorola has to implement equal price at all regions for their phones and it will be valuable to gain edge over Nokia. Partnership strategy: In order to make then brand popular, several organization develop partnership business via sharing resources, skills, money, loss, profits, etc. Joint venture is one of the key strategies of making partnership with the other company. This question demonstrated the partnership business between Toyota and BMW. Both the company is joint venturing with each other and plans to develop a sport car in the market. Both the company is world largest automaker. With joint venturing the business, BMW and Toyota tries to create lightweight materials, fuel cell system, and lithium air batteries based sport car in the market. In 2011, both the company makes an agreement with each other and starts to develop the project of lithium air batteries and fuel cell system that save extra fuel. Apart from that, Toyota and BMW both is setting up strategy for investing more on research and development in terms of increasing technology that deals in sharing spending on vehicles. This will allow in recouping investment quicker in order to use the developed technology in more models. The European Chief said that these technologies are more expensive as well as effective that helps in sharing costs in a better way with her company in future. Motors Co. and the PSA Peugeot Citroen is the new compact model after joint venturing with each other by BMW and Toyota. In the Peugeot model, BMW shares the gasoline engine. Apart from that, both the company sharing their resources made Mazda RX-7 model that is the new rumors crop including alarming frequency.